An internal network penetration test simulates attacks originating from within an organization's network, mimicking the actions of a malicious insider or a compromised employee device. It focuses on identifying vulnerabilities in internal systems, such as servers, databases, and workstations, and assessing the effectiveness of internal security controls like segmentation and access management. The objective is to evaluate the potential impact of an internal breach, providing actionable recommendations to strengthen defenses against lateral movement, privilege escalation, and data exfiltration within the organization's trusted network.